Interesting indeed! I would throw a considerable amount of Latinum on something along these lines!
Until then, @rust, have a look at the new Federation-Klingon War Tactical Campaign supplement that features a strategic layer for a campaign that can be a starter for a system on developing a colony. Adapting it will be a considerable amount of work, but it’s certainly doable. (I’m conducting a play-test right now in this forum, btw.)
Also, Dune’s “The Great Game: Houses of the Landsraad” and Fallout’s “Settler’s Guide Book” cover this topic and, if you happen to own the books (or know someone who does) could be a start to develop your own system. Both games base on Modiphius’ 2d20 engine, so there should be enough common ground for compability.